Tom Cooper, having recently graduated from medical school at Indiana University, started a physician staffing program in St. As physicians became reluctant to take every week-end call, hospitals found an alternative. Most were staffed by one or more nurses who, after assessing the patient, would contact an on-call physician or the patient’s private physician for medical orders. Some private hospitals also provided emergency care and had various models of ED staffing. Physicians and administrators in front of City Hospital (Max Starkloff Hospital) circa 1946
By 1975, there were 31 residencies in EM, including one in Kansas City, Missouri, and one in St. 2 This was followed in 1971 by an Emergency Medicine (EM) program at the Medical College of Pennsylvania and the first academic department of Emergency Medicine at the University of Southern California.
1 In 1970, the first “emergency medicine” resident began training at the University of Cincinnati in a two-year curriculum granted by the American Medical Association under a Family Practice program. In 1969 these founders held their first annual scientific assembly.
FREEMAN HOSPITAL JOPLIN MO INTERNAL MEDICINE RESIDENCY FULL
Recognizing the unique challenges facing practitioners dedicated to diagnosing and managing the full spectrum of medical and surgical emergencies, eight physicians formed the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) in 1968. Now physicians knowledgeable and skilled in these life-saving procedures were needed to implement these changes. By the late 1960s the groundwork for treating several life-threatening conditions, including cardiac arrest, had been established. During the 1960s and early 1970s, there was a cascade of events, discoveries, and innovations that led to recognizing a need for and feasibility of a specialty designed to treat life-threatening illness and injury ( Figure 1). Emergency Medicine became a reality about 60 years ago, recently enough to still be in living memory of many of its pioneers.
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